Characteristics of Typhoon Irma
Path and Moving Characteristics
Typhoon Irma (198121) formed at Northwest Pacific远洋海域, 整体路径呈现显著的W行后转 toward NE的抛物线形态. 初生阶段 (11月17日至19日) , 系统自E toward W稳定Moving, 纬度维持在11°N至13.6°N之间, 经度从159°E快速W移至147.9°E. 在11月21日至22日期间, Typhoon 中心到达最W端Position (约134.4°E-138.3°E) , 随后路径发生明显转折. 11月24日后, 受引导气流影响, Typhoon 开始 toward NW并逐渐转 toward NE, 最终 at 11月28日在28°N, 136°E附近 weakened into Tropical Depression并结束生命史. 全生命周期内, 该Typhoon 未Landfall任何land, 始终在海上活动.
Intensity Evolution Analysis
Irma underwent a complete cycle of formation, rapid intensification, peak-intensity maintenance, and rapid weakening. It developed slowly at first, taking about 3 days to strengthen from a tropical depression to a severe tropical storm. However, within just one and a half days from November 21 to 22, central pressure plummeted from 973hPa to 905hPa and maximum wind speed surged from 30m/s to 60m/s, enabling a leap from severe tropical storm to super typhoon and reaching peak intensity at 14:00 on November 22 (905hPa, 60m/s). Notably, although the wind speed on November 23 was recorded at 65m/s, central pressure rose to 913hPa, indicating that the core structure may have undergone reorganization. After maintaining peak intensity for about 48h, it weakened rapidly from November 24, with central pressure rising to 976hPa and wind speed halving within 24h. After moving into high-latitude waters, the system continued to weaken under the influence of environmental factors and ultimately dissipated.
Comparison of historical periods
Among the typhoons sharing the name Irma, the 1981 storm had overwhelmingly greater intensity. Compared with the same-named typhoons of 1993, 1988, 1985, and 1978, its minimum peak central pressure of 905hPa was far lower than the minimum recorded in any other year, with 1985's 957hPa the second lowest. The peak intensity of all other historical typhoons named Irma ranged only from severe tropical storm to ordinary typhoon, and none had maximum wind speeds exceeding the 40m/s range. The 1981 Irma not only reached super typhoon status but also attained maximum wind speeds of 70m/s, according to the data summary, making it the strongest same-named typhoon in recent decades and reflecting an exceptionally high level of energy release.
Typhoon Irma trajectory
| Time | Position | Intensity | Wind · Pressure | Move toward |
|---|
| 11-17 08:00 | 11.2°N
159°E | Tropical Depression | 10 m/s
1007 hPa | - |
| 11-17 20:00 | 11.7°N
156.5°E | Tropical Depression | 10 m/s
1006 hPa | WNW |
| 11-18 08:00 | 12.6°N
153.9°E | Tropical Depression | 12 m/s
1006 hPa | WNW |
| 11-18 20:00 | 13°N
151.6°E | Tropical Depression | 15 m/s
1005 hPa | W |
| 11-19 08:00 | 13.4°N
149.2°E | Tropical Depression | 15 m/s
1004 hPa | W |
| 11-19 20:00 | 13.8°N
146.9°E | Tropical Storm | 20 m/s
998 hPa | WNW |
| 11-20 08:00 | 13.9°N
144.7°E | Severe Tropical Storm | 25 m/s
991 hPa | W |
| 11-20 20:00 | 14°N
142.8°E | Severe Tropical Storm | 25 m/s
979 hPa | W |
| 11-21 08:00 | 13.9°N
140.4°E | Typhoon | 35 m/s
964 hPa | W |
| 11-21 20:00 | 13.8°N
138.3°E | Typhoon | 40 m/s
946 hPa | W |
| 11-22 08:00 | 13.5°N
135.8°E | Super Typhoon | 55 m/s
912 hPa | WSW |
| 11-22 20:00 | 12.8°N
132.9°E | Super Typhoon | 65 m/s
906 hPa | WSW |
| 11-23 08:00 | 12.7°N
129.8°E | Super Typhoon | 65 m/s
913 hPa | W |
| 11-23 20:00 | 13°N
126.3°E | Super Typhoon | 60 m/s
932 hPa | W |
| 11-24 08:00 | 14.5°N
123.5°E | Super Typhoon | 55 m/s
960 hPa | WNW |
| 11-24 20:00 | 16.2°N
120.8°E | Typhoon | 40 m/s
976 hPa | NW |
| 11-25 08:00 | 18°N
119.2°E | Severe Tropical Storm | 30 m/s
985 hPa | NNW |
| 11-25 20:00 | 19.9°N
119.9°E | Tropical Storm | 20 m/s
990 hPa | NNE |
| 11-26 08:00 | 21.1°N
121.4°E | Tropical Storm | 20 m/s
993 hPa | NE |
| 11-26 20:00 | 22.2°N
123.5°E | Tropical Storm | 20 m/s
995 hPa | ENE |
| 11-27 08:00 | 24°N
126.2°E | Tropical Depression | 15 m/s
997 hPa | NE |
| 11-27 20:00 | 26.5°N
132.3°E | Tropical Depression | 12 m/s
997 hPa | ENE |
| 11-28 02:00 | 28°N
136°E | Tropical Depression | 12 m/s
998 hPa | ENE |
Sampled rows shown; all 44 track points are available on the interactive map or via the public API .
FAQ
Typhoon Irma was the first Typhoon of 1981.
Typhoon Irma's international code is 198121, is the 21st Typhoon of 1981, international name IRMA.
Where does Typhoon Irma’s track data come from?
Track data sources: China Meteorological Administration Tropical Cyclone Best Track Dataset (CMA-STI); wind speeds are 2-minute sustained wind speeds.
What is the most powerful typhoon Irma?
Typhoon Irma peak intensity is Super Typhoon, max wind 70m/s, minimum central pressure 905 hPa.
Is there a Typhoon Irma Landfall?
According to records, Typhoon Irma is not in our coastal landfall.
Where can I view typhoon Irma's live track map?
TyphoonSays (taifengshuo.com) provides typhoon Irma's Track history map, multinational meteorological agency Forecast comparison, wind range with IntensityTrend, page address: https://taifengshuo.com/typhoon/198121.
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